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Artigos
Publicados em Periódicos
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P070-00 Caffeine content
on Ethiopian Coffea arabica beans Silvarolla MB, Mazzafera
P* The coffee germplasm bank of the Instituto Agronômico de
Campinas has many Coffea arabica accessions from Ethiopia,
which is considered the primary center of genetic diversity
in coffee plants. An evaluation of the caffeine content of
beans from 99 progenies revealed intra- and inter-progeny
variability. In 68 progenies from Kaffa region it was found
caffeine values in the range 0.46-2.82% (mean value 1.18%),
and in 22 progenies from Illubabor region these values ranged
from 0.42 to 2.90% (mean value 1.10%). This variability could
be exploited in a breeding program aimed at producing beans
with a low caffeine content. Genetics and Molecular Biology
23(1): 213-215, 2000. IF = 0.250 *E-mail:
pmazza@unicamp.br
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| P071-00
Caffeine formation by suspension cultures of C. dewevrei Sartor
RM, Mazzafera P* The low caffeine content in leaves of C. dewevrei
is due to a low biosynthesis associated with a fast degradation,
and high biosynthesis and low degradation confer a higher content
in C. arabica. Here we observed that cell cultures of C. dewevrei
recovered the ability to synthesize caffeine almost in similar
levels of C. arabica cultures. Tracer experiments with 14CO2
showed an accumulation of radioactivity in caffeine and metabolites,
indicating an active biosynthesis. When the cultures were fed
with labelled caffeine most of the radioactivity was recovered
in caffeine, indicating that although active, degradation was
not so efficient as in leaves. Brazilian Archives of Biology
and Technology 43(1): 61-69, 2000. IF = 0.065 *E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br |
| P072-00
Compositional changes of proteins and amino acids in germinating
coffee seeds Shimizu MM, Mazzafera P* Coffea arabica seeds were
germinated for six weeks and changes in amino acids and proteins
were investigated. Free amino acids were reduced during germination
and protein remained constant. SDS?PAGE showed that legumin-like
proteins became less stained in the last weeks. ASP, GLU, ASP,
ALA and LYS were the major amino acids, although SER and GLN
were also significant. Except for TYR, which increased with
germination, all other amino acids were reduced. Analysis of
the amino acid composition of the total soluble protein showed
GLU/GLN and GLY as the main amino acids. However, other amino
acids such as LEU, ASP/ASN, ALA, LYS, SER were also found in
reasonable amounts. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
43(3), 2000. IF = 0.065 *E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br |
| P073-00
Caffeine does not protect coffee against the leaf miner Perileucoptera
coffeella Guerreiro Filho O, Mazzafera P* Coffee plants containing
different levels of caffeine were exposed to oviposition of
the insect and the caffeine content and damaged leaf area were
evaluated. In addition, plants were exposed to the insect but
one leaf of each pair was protected from oviposition with paper
bags. In another experiment, leaf disks from plants with known
susceptibility to the leaf miner were infiltrated with caffeine
solutions and exposed to oviposition. None of the experiments
established a correlation between reduction of leaf damage and
caffeine content of the tissue. Journal of Chemical Ecology
26(6): 1447-1464, 2000. IF = 1.653 *E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br
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| P074-00
Atividade da enzima redutase do nitrato em algodoeiro submetido
ao déficit hídrico e posterior recuperação da turgescência.
Marur CJ, Mazzafera P*, Magalhães AC A atividade da redutase
do nitrato foi estudada em plantas de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum,
L.), cvs IAC 20 e IAC 13-1, submetidas a déficits crescentes
de água, e posterior recuperação da turgescência. A atividade
sofreu redução quando o Ya foi menor que -1,5 MPa. Não ocorreram
diferenças entre os dois cultivares em relação ao estabelecimento
do estresse e padrão de recuperação da turgescência. O ensaio
in vivo da atividade mostrou ser um método sensível para a avaliação
do efeito do estresse hídrico sobre o crescimento das plantas,
constituindo-se em um parâmetro indicativo do nível geral do
metabolismo na planta. Scientia Agricola 57(2): 277-281, 2000.
*E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br |
| P075-00
Characterization of polyphenol oxidase in coffee Mazzafera P*,
Robinson SP Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was characterized in partially
purified extracts of leaves (PPO-L) and fruit endosperm (PPO-E)
of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) regarding induction by wounding
and methyl jasmonate, activation by protease treatment, stimulation
by SDS, pH, assay temperature, substrate, heat stability, inhibitors,
Km and molecular weight. Activity-stained SDS-PAGE gels and
western blots probed with PPO antibodies suggested the existence
of a 67 kDa PPO which is susceptible to proteolytic cleavage
that generates a 45 kDa active form. Phytochemistry 55(4): 285-296,
2000. IF = 1.106 *E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br |
| P076-00
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of methylxanthines from
maté tea leaves Saldaña MDA, Mohamed RS, Mazzafera P* Experimental
data on the supercritical CO2 extraction of caffeine, theophylline
and theobromine from herbal maté tea were obtained using high
pressure extraction equipment that allows adequate control of
temperature and pressure. The continuous extraction/fractionation
of maté tea leaves, Ilex paraguariensis in natura using carbon
dioxide was carried out at 313.2 and 343.2 K and pressures of
13.8 and 25.5 MPa. Extraction/fractionation curves revealed
the large influence of temperature and pressure on extraction
yield. CO2 was also found to show a higher selectivity for caffeine
than for theophylline and theobromine. Brazilian Journal of
Chemical Engineering 17(3): 251-259, 2000. *E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br |
| P077-00
A role for trigonelline during imbibition and germination of
coffee seeds Shimizu MM, Mazzafera P* Trigonelline was investigated
as a NAD reserve during germination of Coffea arabica seeds.
The data show that in seeds there is a significant conversion
of trigonelline to NAD, although a concomitant biosynthesis
of the alkaloid is also observed. It is concluded that trigonelline
is a reserve molecule for NAD biosynthesis but this function
may be limited to very early stages of germination or restricted
to specific tissues such as the embryo. Plant Biology 2: 1-7,
2000. *E-mail: pmazza@unicamp.br |
| P078-00
Labidura riparia (Dermaptera: Labiduridae) from Brazil: karyotype
and C-banding Avancini RMP, Recco-Pimentel SM, Prado AP* The
karyotype of Labidura riparia from Brazil is 2n=5A+XY for males
and 2n=5A+XX for females. The chromosomes can be grouped into
3 large and 3 small pairs, the latter including the sex chromosomes.
The Y chromosome is entirely C-band positive and remains heteropycnotic
during most of the division cycle. The X chromosome, which is
longer than the Y chromosome, presents no C-banding. The longest
chromosome of the complement has very noticeable C-bands at
one of its terminal. These results are very similar to the karyotype
described for L. riparia in the USA. The most significant dissimilarity
is that chromosome number 1 is about 20% longer than chromosome
2, a feature not observed in the karyotypes of L. riparia from
other regions of the world. In addition, the difference in size
between the chromosomes X and Y of Brazilian and US L. riparia
is not as large as that for other populations. Cytologia 65:
93-96, 2000. *E-mail: apprado@unicamp.br
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| P079-00
Ocorrência de Trichopria sp. (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) atacando
pupas de Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
na granja Monteiro MR, Prado AP* This work was carried out in
a poultry house (Granja Capuavinha), Monte Mor, State of São
Paulo, from February 1991 to April 1992 with the purpose of
studying the synanthropic flies their parasitoids. The pupae
were extrated from manure using a water-flotation method. Berlese-Tullgren's
funel was used to extract parasitoids and fly larvae. Each pupa
was kep in a small transparent glass vial for 35 days until
the emergence of the fly or parasitoid. After this period, the
pupae that did not yield adult flies or parasitoids were dissected.
The following species of fly were collected: Chrysomya putoria
(Wiedman), Muscina stabulans (Fallén), Musca domestica L., Fannia
pusio (Stein). In addition several species of Sepsidae were
also collected. The following species of parasitoids emerged
from fly pupae collected: Spalangia gemina (Boucek), S. cameroni
(Perkins), Muscidifurax raptoroides Kogan & Legner, Pachycrepoideus
vindemiae (Rondani), Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) and Trichopria
sp. (Diapriidae). Tachinaephagus zealandicus (Ashmead) (Encyrtidae)
a larval pupal parasitoid also ocurred. This is the first report
of Trichopria sp., a gregarious parasitoid, attacking pupae
of C. putoria. About 13% of parasitoids did not eclode successfuly
from the parasitoid pupae which may indicate a recent association
between Trichopria sp. and C. putoria in Brazil. Anais da Sociedade
Entomologica do Brasil 29(1): 159-167, 2000. *E-mail: apprado@obelix.unicamp.br
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